What Happens to the Air When a Volcano Erupts? The Health Risks Behind the Lava

When we think of volcanic eruptions, the first image that comes to mind is usually lava streaming down a mountain. But while that spectacle captures headlines and awe, there's an invisible threat that travels much farther and lingers much longer: volcanic air pollution.

With the recent eruption of Hawaii's Kīlauea volcano, this danger is front and center again. Lava fountains have shot up over 1,000 feet into the air, according to ABC News, and the U.S. Geological Survey continues to monitor the activity closely with real-time volcano updates. But it’s what we can’t see that should have us thinking twice.

Volcanic Eruptions and Air Quality

Volcanoes release a mix of ash, fine particulates, and gases such as sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). These gases can combine with moisture in the atmosphere to form vog (volcanic smog), a hazardous air pollutant that irritates the eyes, throat, and lungs. People with asthma or other respiratory conditions are particularly vulnerable, but prolonged exposure can affect even the healthy.

According to USA Today, this latest eruption is part of the Pacific Ring of Fire: a seismic zone where many such events have intensified in recent years. The threat isn't just local. Wind can carry volcanic gases and ash for hundreds of miles, affecting communities far from the eruption site.

Health Effects of Volcanic Air Pollution

• Short-term exposure can cause coughing, sore throat, irritated eyes, and shortness of breath.
• Long-term exposure increases the risk of bronchitis, reduced lung function, and other chronic respiratory issues.
• Ash particulates, if inhaled, can cause physical abrasion to lung tissue and trigger inflammation.

Protection Starts with the Right Mask

As volcanic activity increases, so does the need for proper respiratory protection. Not every mask will shield you from sulfur dioxide or fine volcanic ash, but these Parcil Safety  masks can:

🔥ST-100X Tactical Gas Mask: Built for extreme conditions with 40mm filter compatibility, excellent for volcanic gases and particulates.

🔥PD-100 Full Face Respirator: Affordable, comfortable, and perfect for home emergency kits.

🔥NB-100 Tactical Gas Mask: Designed for real-world threats with a panoramic view and superior filter compatibility.

Stay Safe, Stay Ready

If you're anywhere near affected zones or you just want to be prepared for the next eruption event, having a high-quality, full-face respirator can mean the difference between breathing easy or breathing in toxins.

Volcanoes are powerful forces of nature. Their beauty shouldn't distract us from the very real threats they bring.

Breathe safely. Be prepared. Parcil Safety has your back.